Aviation Terms and Definitions

Trace Ice becomes perceptible. Rate of accumulation is slightly greater than the rate of sublimation. Induction icing This tops the charts as the number one cause of icing accidents, comprising a whopping 52 percent. VFR Visual Flight Rules we fly under Visual Flight Rules PAPIs Precision approach path indicators light units similar to the VASI but are installed in a single row of either two or four light units. TCAS Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance Systems Technology in the cockpit can help pilots to see and avoid other aircraft. All air carrier aircraft are equipped with Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance Systems. SIGMET An in-flight weather advisory that is considered significant to all aircraft. SIGMET criteria include severe icing, severe and extreme turbulence, duststorms, sandstorms, volcanic eruptions, and volcanic ash that lower visibility to less than 3 miles. Duck-Under Syndrome A pilot may be tempted to make it into an airport by descending below minimums during an approach. There may be a belief that there is a built-in margin of error in every approach procedure, or a pilot may want to admit that the landing cannot be completed and a missed approach must be initiated. Spatial Disorientation Spatial disorientation is an erroneous sense or mistaken perception of one's position and motion relative to the earth. Atmospheric Conditions Haze, flight over open water, or an obscured horizon can make it difficult to see distant objects, impairing the ability to refocus vision. Deicing Is used after ice has built up to an appreciable amount. Typically this includes surface deice equipment.

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	Did You Know?
	Private pilots must be at least 17 years old and have a minimum of 40 hours of flight time The actual average is about 65 hours), including 20 hours of instruction and 10 hours solo. Pilots trained according to accelerated curricula defined in Part 141 of the Federal Aviation Regulations may be certified with a minimum of 35 hours. Private pilots may not fly for hire but may share equally with their passengers the direct expenses of a flight – specifically, fuel, oil, airport transient parking/landing fees, and aircraft rental charges.